Install and Set Up kubectl on Linux

始める前に

You must use a kubectl version that is within one minor version difference of your cluster. For example, a v1.30 client can communicate with v1.29, v1.30, and v1.31 control planes. Using the latest compatible version of kubectl helps avoid unforeseen issues.

Install kubectl on Linux

The following methods exist for installing kubectl on Linux:

Install kubectl binary with curl on Linux
Install using native package management
Install using other package management

Install kubectl binary with curl on Linux

Download the latest release with the command:

x86-64
ARM64


   curl -LO "https://dl.k8s.io/release/$(curl -L -s https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl"


   curl -LO "https://dl.k8s.io/release/$(curl -L -s https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/arm64/kubectl"

備考:

To download a specific version, replace the $(curl -L -s https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt) portion of the command with the specific version.

For example, to download version 1.30.0 on Linux x86-64, type:

curl -LO https://dl.k8s.io/release/v1.30.0/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl

And for Linux ARM64, type:

curl -LO https://dl.k8s.io/release/v1.30.0/bin/linux/arm64/kubectl

Validate the binary (optional)

Download the kubectl checksum file:

x86-64
ARM64


   curl -LO "https://dl.k8s.io/release/$(curl -L -s https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl.sha256"


   curl -LO "https://dl.k8s.io/release/$(curl -L -s https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/arm64/kubectl.sha256"

Validate the kubectl binary against the checksum file:

echo "$(cat kubectl.sha256)  kubectl" | sha256sum --check

If valid, the output is:

kubectl: OK

If the check fails, sha256 exits with nonzero status and prints output similar to:

kubectl: FAILED
sha256sum: WARNING: 1 computed checksum did NOT match

備考: Download the same version of the binary and checksum.

Install kubectl

sudo install -o root -g root -m 0755 kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl

備考:

If you do not have root access on the target system, you can still install kubectl to the ~/.local/bin directory:

chmod +x kubectl
mkdir -p ~/.local/bin
mv ./kubectl ~/.local/bin/kubectl
# and then append (or prepend) ~/.local/bin to $PATH

Test to ensure the version you installed is up-to-date:
```
kubectl version --client
```
Or use this for detailed view of version:
```
kubectl version --client --output=yaml
```

Install using native package management

Update the apt package index and install packages needed to use the Kubernetes apt repository:

sudo apt-get update
# apt-transport-https may be a dummy package; if so, you can skip that package
sudo apt-get install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl

Download the public signing key for the Kubernetes package repositories. The same signing key is used for all repositories so you can disregard the version in the URL:

# If the folder `/etc/apt/keyrings` does not exist, it should be created before the curl command, read the note below.
# sudo mkdir -p -m 755 /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.30/deb/Release.key | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-apt-keyring.gpg

備考: In releases older than Debian 12 and Ubuntu 22.04, folder /etc/apt/keyrings does not exist by default, and it should be created before the curl command.

Add the appropriate Kubernetes apt repository. If you want to use Kubernetes version different than v1.30, replace v1.30 with the desired minor version in the command below:

# This overwrites any existing configuration in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
echo 'deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-apt-keyring.gpg] https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.30/deb/ /' | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list

備考: To upgrade kubectl to another minor release, you'll need to bump the version in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list before running apt-get update and apt-get upgrade. This procedure is described in more detail in Changing The Kubernetes Package Repository.

Update apt package index, then install kubectl:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y kubectl

Add the Kubernetes yum repository. If you want to use Kubernetes version different than v1.30, replace v1.30 with the desired minor version in the command below.

# This overwrites any existing configuration in /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.30/rpm/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.30/rpm/repodata/repomd.xml.key
EOF

備考: To upgrade kubectl to another minor release, you'll need to bump the version in /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo before running yum update. This procedure is described in more detail in Changing The Kubernetes Package Repository.

Install kubectl using yum:
```
sudo yum install -y kubectl
```

Add the Kubernetes zypper repository. If you want to use Kubernetes version different than v1.30, replace v1.30 with the desired minor version in the command below.

# This overwrites any existing configuration in /etc/zypp/repos.d/kubernetes.repo
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/zypp/repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.30/rpm/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.30/rpm/repodata/repomd.xml.key
EOF

備考: To upgrade kubectl to another minor release, you'll need to bump the version in /etc/zypp/repos.d/kubernetes.repo before running zypper update. This procedure is described in more detail in Changing The Kubernetes Package Repository.

Install kubectl using zypper:
```
sudo zypper install -y kubectl
```

If you are on Ubuntu or another Linux distribution that supports the snap package manager, kubectl is available as a snap application.

snap install kubectl --classic
kubectl version --client

If you are on Linux and using Homebrew package manager, kubectl is available for installation.

brew install kubectl
kubectl version --client

Verify kubectl configuration

kubectlがKubernetesクラスターを探索し接続するために、kubeconfigファイルが必要です。これは、kube-up.shによりクラスターを作成した際や、Minikubeクラスターを正常にデプロイした際に自動生成されます。デフォルトでは、kubectlの設定は~/.kube/configに格納されています。

クラスターの状態を取得し、kubectlが適切に設定されていることを確認してください:

kubectl cluster-info

URLのレスポンスが表示されている場合は、kubectlはクラスターに接続するよう正しく設定されています。

以下のようなメッセージが表示されている場合は、kubectlは正しく設定されていないか、Kubernetesクラスターに接続できていません。

The connection to the server <server-name:port> was refused - did you specify the right host or port?

たとえば、ラップトップ上(ローカル環境)でKubernetesクラスターを起動するような場合、Minikubeなどのツールを最初にインストールしてから、上記のコマンドを再実行する必要があります。

kubectl cluster-infoがURLレスポンスを返したにもかかわらずクラスターにアクセスできない場合は、次のコマンドで設定が正しいことを確認してください:

kubectl cluster-info dump

エラーメッセージ'No Auth Provider Found'のトラブルシューティング

Kubernetes 1.26にて、kubectlは以下のクラウドプロバイダーが提供するマネージドKubernetesのビルトイン認証を削除しました。これらのプロバイダーは、クラウド固有の認証を提供するkubectlプラグインをリリースしています。手順については以下のプロバイダーのドキュメントを参照してください:

Azure AKS: kubelogin plugin
Google Kubernetes Engine: gke-gcloud-auth-plugin

(この変更とは関係なく、他の理由で同じエラーメッセージが表示される可能性もあります。)

Optional kubectl configurations and plugins

Enable shell autocompletion

kubectl provides autocompletion support for Bash, Zsh, Fish, and PowerShell, which can save you a lot of typing.

Below are the procedures to set up autocompletion for Bash, Fish, and Zsh.

Introduction

The kubectl completion script for Bash can be generated with the command kubectl completion bash. Sourcing the completion script in your shell enables kubectl autocompletion.

However, the completion script depends on bash-completion, which means that you have to install this software first (you can test if you have bash-completion already installed by running type _init_completion).

Install bash-completion

bash-completion is provided by many package managers (see here). You can install it with apt-get install bash-completion or yum install bash-completion, etc.

The above commands create /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion, which is the main script of bash-completion. Depending on your package manager, you have to manually source this file in your ~/.bashrc file.

To find out, reload your shell and run type _init_completion. If the command succeeds, you're already set, otherwise add the following to your ~/.bashrc file:

source /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion

Reload your shell and verify that bash-completion is correctly installed by typing type _init_completion.

Enable kubectl autocompletion

Bash

You now need to ensure that the kubectl completion script gets sourced in all your shell sessions. There are two ways in which you can do this:

User
System


echo 'source <(kubectl completion bash)' >>~/.bashrc


kubectl completion bash | sudo tee /etc/bash_completion.d/kubectl > /dev/null
sudo chmod a+r /etc/bash_completion.d/kubectl

If you have an alias for kubectl, you can extend shell completion to work with that alias:

echo 'alias k=kubectl' >>~/.bashrc
echo 'complete -o default -F __start_kubectl k' >>~/.bashrc

備考: bash-completion sources all completion scripts in /etc/bash_completion.d.

Both approaches are equivalent. After reloading your shell, kubectl autocompletion should be working. To enable bash autocompletion in current session of shell, source the ~/.bashrc file:

source ~/.bashrc

備考: Fishに対する自動補完はkubectl 1.23以降が必要です。

Fishにおけるkubectlの補完スクリプトはkubectl completion fishコマンドで生成できます。シェル内で補完スクリプトをsourceすることでkubectlの自動補完が有効になります。

すべてのシェルセッションで使用するには、~/.config/fish/config.fishに以下を追記してください:

kubectl completion fish | source

シェルをリロードしたあとに、kubectlの自動補完が機能するはずです。

Zshにおけるkubectlの補完スクリプトはkubectl completion zshコマンドで生成できます。シェル内で補完スクリプトをsourceすることでkubectlの自動補完が有効になります。

すべてのシェルセッションで使用するには、~/.zshrcに以下を追記してください:

source <(kubectl completion zsh)

kubectlにエイリアスを張っている場合でも、kubectlの自動補完は自動的に機能します。

シェルをリロードしたあとに、kubectlの自動補完が機能するはずです。

2: command not found: compdefのようなエラーが出力された場合は、以下を~/.zshrcの先頭に追記してください:

autoload -Uz compinit
compinit

Install `kubectl convert` plugin

異なるAPIバージョン間でマニフェストを変換できる、Kubernetesコマンドラインツールkubectlのプラグインです。これは特に、新しいKubernetesのリリースで、非推奨ではないAPIバージョンにマニフェストを移行する場合に役に立ちます。詳細については非推奨ではないAPIへの移行を参照してください。

Download the latest release with the command:

x86-64
ARM64


   curl -LO "https://dl.k8s.io/release/$(curl -L -s https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl-convert"


   curl -LO "https://dl.k8s.io/release/$(curl -L -s https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/arm64/kubectl-convert"

Validate the binary (optional)

Download the kubectl-convert checksum file:

x86-64
ARM64


   curl -LO "https://dl.k8s.io/release/$(curl -L -s https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl-convert.sha256"


   curl -LO "https://dl.k8s.io/release/$(curl -L -s https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/arm64/kubectl-convert.sha256"

Validate the kubectl-convert binary against the checksum file:

echo "$(cat kubectl-convert.sha256) kubectl-convert" | sha256sum --check

If valid, the output is:

kubectl-convert: OK

If the check fails, sha256 exits with nonzero status and prints output similar to:

kubectl-convert: FAILED
sha256sum: WARNING: 1 computed checksum did NOT match

備考: Download the same version of the binary and checksum.

Install kubectl-convert

sudo install -o root -g root -m 0755 kubectl-convert /usr/local/bin/kubectl-convert

Verify plugin is successfully installed
```
kubectl convert --help
```
If you do not see an error, it means the plugin is successfully installed.
After installing the plugin, clean up the installation files:
```
rm kubectl-convert kubectl-convert.sha256
```

次の項目

Minikubeをインストールする
クラスターの作成に関する詳細をスタートガイドで確認する。
アプリケーションを起動して公開する方法を学ぶ。
あなたが作成していないクラスターにアクセスする必要がある場合は、クラスターアクセスドキュメントの共有を参照してください。
kubectlリファレンスドキュメントを参照する

最終更新 April 12, 2024 at 11:10 PM PST: [ja] Translate content/ja/docs/tasks/tools/install-kubectl-windows.md (#45486) (de98cc74a5)

Install and Set Up kubectl on Linux

始める前に

Install kubectl on Linux

Install kubectl binary with curl on Linux

Install using native package management

Install using other package management

Verify kubectl configuration

エラーメッセージ'No Auth Provider Found'のトラブルシューティング

Optional kubectl configurations and plugins

Enable shell autocompletion

Introduction

Install bash-completion

Enable kubectl autocompletion

Bash

Install kubectl convert plugin

次の項目

フィードバック

Install `kubectl convert` plugin